Innovation and Adaptation in Higher Education in Colombia: Post-Pandemic Methodological Transformations

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant changes in Colombia's higher education system, promoting the use of digital technology and active learning methodologies. The objective of this research was to analyze these methodological and technological changes, identify challenges and opportunities, and explore innovative approaches applied in different disciplines. To this end, a descriptive and exploratory qualitative approach was used, based on a systematic review of 55 academic articles from the Scopus scientific database and Colombian university theses. The information was analyzed using the VOSviewer and Bibliometrix programs, which allowed for the visualization of collaboration networks, thematic clusters, and the evolution of trends. The studies showed an increase in the use of hybrid models and learning methodologies such as flipped classrooms and challenge-based learning, as well as technologies such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and virtual laboratories, especially in engineering, health, and education programs. However, challenges remain in the areas of infrastructure, teacher training, and digital equity. Therefore, it can be concluded that the consolidation of aglobal and resilient educational model requires sustainable investments, innovative policies, and strategies that support adaptable, student-centered pedagogy.